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ROOT:شهد@[VERB FORM:IV]

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Surah 2 al-Baqara (The Cow)
RefArabic    TransliterationTranslation
(2:204)

وَمِنَ  ٱلنَّاسِ  مَن  يُعْجِبُكَ  قَوْلُهُۥ  فِى  ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ  ٱلدُّنْيَا  وَيُشْهِدُ  ٱللَّـهَ  عَلَىٰ  مَا  فِى  قَلْبِهِۦ  وَهُوَ  أَلَدُّ  ٱلْخِصَامِ wa‑mina l‑nāsi man yuʿjibuka qawluhu l‑ḥayāti l‑dunyā wa‑yushhidu allāha ʿalā qalbihi wa‑huwa aladdu l‑khiṣāmi
There is the type of man whose speech about this world's life May dazzle thee, and he calls Allah to witness about what is in his heart; yet is he the most contentious of enemies.
(2:282)

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا  ٱلَّذِينَ  ءَامَنُوٓا۟  إِذَا  تَدَايَنتُم  بِدَيْنٍ  إِلَىٰٓ  أَجَلٍ  مُّسَمًّى  فَٱكْتُبُوهُ  وَلْيَكْتُب  بَّيْنَكُمْ  كَاتِبٌۢ  بِٱلْعَدْلِ  وَلَا  يَأْبَ  كَاتِبٌ  أَن  يَكْتُبَ  كَمَا  عَلَّمَهُ  ٱللَّـهُ  فَلْيَكْتُبْ  وَلْيُمْلِلِ  ٱلَّذِى  عَلَيْهِ  ٱلْحَقُّ  وَلْيَتَّقِ  ٱللَّـهَ  رَبَّهُۥ  وَلَا  يَبْخَسْ  مِنْهُ  شَيْـًٔا  فَإِن  كَانَ  ٱلَّذِى  عَلَيْهِ  ٱلْحَقُّ  سَفِيهًا  أَوْ  ضَعِيفًا  أَوْ  لَا  يَسْتَطِيعُ  أَن  يُمِلَّ  هُوَ  فَلْيُمْلِلْ  وَلِيُّهُۥ  بِٱلْعَدْلِ  وَٱسْتَشْهِدُوا۟  شَهِيدَيْنِ  مِن  رِّجَالِكُمْ  فَإِن  لَّمْ  يَكُونَا  رَجُلَيْنِ  فَرَجُلٌ  وَٱمْرَأَتَانِ  مِمَّن  تَرْضَوْنَ  مِنَ  ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ  أَن  تَضِلَّ  إِحْدَىٰهُمَا  فَتُذَكِّرَ  إِحْدَىٰهُمَا  ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ  وَلَا  يَأْبَ  ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ  إِذَا  مَا  دُعُوا۟  وَلَا  تَسْـَٔمُوٓا۟  أَن  تَكْتُبُوهُ  صَغِيرًا  أَوْ  كَبِيرًا  إِلَىٰٓ  أَجَلِهِۦ  ذَٰلِكُمْ  أَقْسَطُ  عِندَ  ٱللَّـهِ  وَأَقْوَمُ  لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ  وَأَدْنَىٰٓ  أَلَّا  تَرْتَابُوٓا۟  إِلَّآ  أَن  تَكُونَ  تِجَٰرَةً  حَاضِرَةً  تُدِيرُونَهَا  بَيْنَكُمْ  فَلَيْسَ  عَلَيْكُمْ  جُنَاحٌ  أَلَّا  تَكْتُبُوهَا  وَأَشْهِدُوٓا۟  إِذَا  تَبَايَعْتُمْ  وَلَا  يُضَآرَّ  كَاتِبٌ  وَلَا  شَهِيدٌ  وَإِن  تَفْعَلُوا۟  فَإِنَّهُۥ  فُسُوقٌۢ  بِكُمْ  وَٱتَّقُوا۟  ٱللَّـهَ  وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ  ٱللَّـهُ  وَٱللَّـهُ  بِكُلِّ  شَىْءٍ  عَلِيمٌ yā‑ayyuhā lladhīna āmanū idhā tadāyantum bi‑daynin ila ajalin musamman fa‑uktubūhu wa‑l‑yaktub baynakum kātibun bil‑ʿadli wa‑lā yaʾba kātibun an yaktuba ka‑mā ʿallamahu allāhu fa‑l‑yaktub wa‑l‑yumlili alladhī ʿalayhi l‑ḥaqqu wa‑l‑yattaqi allāha rabbahu wa‑lā yabkhas minhu shayʾan fa‑in kāna alladhī ʿalayhi l‑ḥaqqu safīhan aw ḍaʿīfan aw yastaṭīʿu an yumilla huwa fa‑lyumlil walīyuhu bil‑ʿadli wa‑istashhidū shahīdayni min rijālikum fa‑in lam yakūnā rajulayni fa‑rajulun wa‑amraʾatāni mimman tarḍawna mina l‑shuhadāʾi an taḍilla iḥdāhumā fa‑tudhakkira iḥdāhumā l‑ukhrā wa‑lā yaʾba l‑suhadāʾu idhā duʿū wa‑lā tasʾamū an taktubūhu ṣaghīran aw kabīran ila ajalihi dhālikum aqsaṭu ʿinda allāhi wa‑aqwamu lil‑shahādati wa‑adna allā tartābū illā an takūna tijāratan ḥāḍiratan tudīrūnahā baynakum fa‑laysa ʿalaykum junāḥun allā taktubūhā wa‑ashhidū idhā tabāyaʿtum wa‑lā yuḍārra kātibun wa‑lā shahīdun wa‑in tafʿalū fa‑innahu fusūqun bikum wa‑ittaqū allāha wayuʿallimukumu allāhu wallāhu bi‑kulli shayʾin ʿalīmun
O ye who believe! When ye deal with each other, in transactions involving future obligations in a fixed period of time, reduce them to writing Let a scribe write down faithfully as between the parties: let not the scribe refuse to write: as Allah Has taught him, so let him write. Let him who incurs the liability dictate, but let him fear His Lord Allah, and not diminish aught of what he owes. If the party liable is mentally deficient, or weak, or unable Himself to dictate, Let his guardian dictate faithfully, and get two witnesses, out of your own men, and if there are not two men, then a man and two women, such as ye choose, for witnesses, so that if one of them errs, the other can remind her. The witnesses should not refuse when they are called on (For evidence). Disdain not to reduce to writing (your contract) for a future period, whether it be small or big: it is juster in the sight of Allah, More suitable as evidence, and more convenient to prevent doubts among yourselves but if it be a transaction which ye carry out on the spot among yourselves, there is no blame on you if ye reduce it not to writing. But take witness whenever ye make a commercial contract; and let neither scribe nor witness suffer harm. If ye do (such harm), it would be wickedness in you. So fear Allah; For it is Allah that teaches you. And Allah is well acquainted with all things.

Surah 4 al-Nisāʾ (The Women)
(4:6)

وَٱبْتَلُوا۟  ٱلْيَتَٰمَىٰ  حَتَّىٰٓ  إِذَا  بَلَغُوا۟  ٱلنِّكَاحَ  فَإِنْ  ءَانَسْتُم  مِّنْهُمْ  رُشْدًا  فَٱدْفَعُوٓا۟  إِلَيْهِمْ  أَمْوَٰلَهُمْ  وَلَا  تَأْكُلُوهَآ  إِسْرَافًا  وَبِدَارًا  أَن  يَكْبَرُوا۟  وَمَن  كَانَ  غَنِيًّا  فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ  وَمَن  كَانَ  فَقِيرًا  فَلْيَأْكُلْ  بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ  فَإِذَا  دَفَعْتُمْ  إِلَيْهِمْ  أَمْوَٰلَهُمْ  فَأَشْهِدُوا۟  عَلَيْهِمْ  وَكَفَىٰ  بِٱللَّـهِ  حَسِيبًا wa‑ibtalū l‑yatāmā ḥatta idhā balaghū l‑nikāḥa fa‑in ānastum minhum rushdan fa‑idfaʿū ilayhim amwālahum wa‑lā takulūhā isrāfan wa‑bidāran an yakbarū wa‑man kāna ghaniyyan fa‑l‑yastaʿfif wa‑man kāna faqīran fa‑l‑yāʾkul bil‑maʿrūfi fa‑idhā dafaʿtum ilayhim amwālahum fa‑ashhidū ʿalayhim wa‑kafā billāhi ḥasīban
Make trial of orphans until they reach the age of marriage; if then ye find sound judgment in them, release their property to them; but consume it not wastefully, nor in haste against their growing up. If the guardian is well-off, Let him claim no remuneration, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable. When ye release their property to them, take witnesses in their presence: But all-sufficient is Allah in taking account.

Surah 7 al-Aʿrāf (The Heights)
(7:172)

وَإِذْ  أَخَذَ  رَبُّكَ  مِنۢ  بَنِىٓ  ءَادَمَ  مِن  ظُهُورِهِمْ  ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ  وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ  عَلَىٰٓ  أَنفُسِهِمْ  أَلَسْتُ  بِرَبِّكُمْ  قَالُوا۟  بَلَىٰ  شَهِدْنَآ  أَن  تَقُولُوا۟  يَوْمَ  ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ  إِنَّا  كُنَّا  عَنْ  هَٰذَا  غَٰفِلِينَ wa‑idh akhadha rabbuka min banī ādama min ẓuhūrihim dhurriyyatahum wa‑ashhadahum ʿala anfusihim alastu birabbikum qālū balā shahidnā an taqūlū yawma l‑qiyāmati innā kunnā ʿan hādhā ghāfilīna
When thy Lord drew forth from the Children of Adam - from their loins - their descendants, and made them testify concerning themselves, (saying): "Am I not your Lord (who cherishes and sustains you)?"- They said: "Yea! We do testify!" (This), lest ye should say on the Day of Judgment: "Of this we were never mindful":

Surah 11 Hūd (Hud)
(11:54)

إِن  نَّقُولُ  إِلَّا  ٱعْتَرَىٰكَ  بَعْضُ  ءَالِهَتِنَا  بِسُوٓءٍ  قَالَ  إِنِّىٓ  أُشْهِدُ  ٱللَّـهَ  وَٱشْهَدُوٓا۟  أَنِّى  بَرِىٓءٌ  مِّمَّا  تُشْرِكُونَ in naqūlu illā ʿtaraka baʿḍu ālihatinā bi‑sūʾin qalā innī ushhidu allāha wa‑ishhadū annī barīʾun mimmā tushrikūna
"We say nothing but that (perhaps) some of our gods may have seized thee with imbecility." He said: "I call Allah to witness, and do ye bear witness, that I am free from the sin of ascribing, to Him,

Surah 18 al-Kahf (The Cave)
(18:51)

مَّآ  أَشْهَدتُّهُمْ  خَلْقَ  ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ  وَٱلْأَرْضِ  وَلَا  خَلْقَ  أَنفُسِهِمْ  وَمَا  كُنتُ  مُتَّخِذَ  ٱلْمُضِلِّينَ  عَضُدًا ashhadttuhum khalqa l‑samāwāti wa‑l‑arḍi wa‑lā khalqa anfusihim wa‑mā kuntu muttakhidha l‑muḍillīna ʿaḍudan
I called them not to witness the creation of the heavens and the earth, nor (even) their own creation: nor is it for helpers such as Me to take as lead (men) astray!

Surah 65 al-Ṭalāq (The Divorce)
(65:2)

فَإِذَا  بَلَغْنَ  أَجَلَهُنَّ  فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ  بِمَعْرُوفٍ  أَوْ  فَارِقُوهُنَّ  بِمَعْرُوفٍ  وَأَشْهِدُوا۟  ذَوَىْ  عَدْلٍ  مِّنكُمْ  وَأَقِيمُوا۟  ٱلشَّهَٰدَةَ  لِلَّـهِ  ذَٰلِكُمْ  يُوعَظُ  بِهِۦ  مَن  كَانَ  يُؤْمِنُ  بِٱللَّـهِ  وَٱلْيَوْمِ  ٱلْأَخِرِ  وَمَن  يَتَّقِ  ٱللَّـهَ  يَجْعَل  لَّهُۥ  مَخْرَجًا fa‑idhā balaghna ajalahunna fa‑amsikūhunna bi‑maʿrūfin aw fāriqūhunna bi‑maʿrūfin wa‑ashhidū dhawa ʿadlin minkum wa‑aqīmū l‑shahādata lillāhi dhālikum yūʿaẓu bihi man kāna yuʾminū billāhi wa‑l‑yawmi l‑akhiri wa‑man yattaqi allāha yajʿal lahu makhrajan
Thus when they fulfil their term appointed, either take them back on equitable terms or part with them on equitable terms; and take for witness two persons from among you, endued with justice, and establish the evidence (as) before Allah. Such is the admonition given to him who believes in Allah and the Last Day. And for those who fear Allah, He (ever) prepares a way out,